Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of…
- 1Một đáp án · B1
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Cultural conflicts happen because people misunderstand contextual information. Different cultures attach different levels of importance to context when they communicate, so the same message may be understood differently. Because of this, knowing how people rely on context is vital for reducing confusion and improving communication across cultures.
There are generally two types of cultures: high-context cultures and low-context cultures. High-context cultures, such as those in East Asian and Middle Eastern countries, focus heavily on the situation of a message. Much meaning is implied rather than said directly, so speakers need to know the relationship and setting before understanding the words. These cultures value suggested ideas more than the exactness of words.
In contrast, low-context cultures, such as Germany or America, are characterized by clear communication, precise wording, detailed messages, and consistent speaking styles. They place great importance on the actual message, and its meaning is usually easier to understand and more direct. Communication is more detailed and exact because people rely less on outside factors to shape meaning. Every word matters, and accuracy is necessary to avoid misunderstanding, especially in formal or professional situations.
These contextual differences are easy to see in the business world. A Japanese contract is often shorter because much information is assumed within the high-context culture. An American contract, however, is longer and more detailed to ensure nothing is left confusing. Understanding these differences helps people communicate more effectively across cultures and build stronger relationships, encouraging deeper cooperation and mutual respect in diverse international settings.
(Adapted from Reading for the Real World)
The word “They” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.
Đáp án: <p>low-context cultures</p>
Phương pháp giải:
Xác định vị trí của từ “They” trong đoạn 3, dịch nghĩa của câu có chứa từ và đối chiếu lần lượt dịch các đáp án để xác định đúng danh từ mà đại từ thay thế.
Lời giải chi tiết:
The word “They” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.
(Từ “They” trong đoạn 3 đề cập đến ________.)
A. outside factors
(các yếu tố bên ngoài)
B. low-context cultures
(các nền văn hóa ngữ cảnh thấp)
C. consistent speaking styles
(phong cách nói chuyện nhất quán)
D. detailed messages
(thông điệp chi tiết)
Thông tin: In contrast, low-context cultures, such as Germany or America, are characterized by clear communication, precise wording, detailed messages, and consistent speaking styles. They place great importance on the actual message, and its meaning is usually easier to understand and more direct.
(Ngược lại, các nền văn hóa ngữ cảnh thấp, chẳng hạn như Đức hoặc Mỹ, được đặc trưng bởi sự giao tiếp rõ ràng, cách diễn đạt chính xác, thông điệp chi tiết và phong cách nói chuyện nhất quán. Họ rất coi trọng thông điệp thực tế, và ý nghĩa của nó thường dễ hiểu hơn và trực tiếp hơn.)