Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the…

Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Traditional media losing revenues to social media

Traditional media, such as newspapers and magazines, are experiencing declining revenues due to rising competition from social media, government officials and analysts say. Deputy Minister of Communications Nguyen Huy Dung stated at a forum last Friday that newspapers and magazines saw their revenues decrease by 9.4% in the first nine months of last year.

The situation is even worse for radio and TV, which saw a 23% decline in revenue. It was mentioned that most

broadcast companies are not using all their advertisement slots because there is a lack of demand. Some broadcasters sell advertisements for only a few minutes a day, even though the law allows them to use 10% of their broadcast time for ads for non-subscribers and 5% for subscribers.

Advertisements remain the main source of income for media companies and could account for 90% of their revenues. However, the rise of social media platforms like Facebook and Google is taking away their customers. Some newspapers have tried to adopt a subscription model, but this approach is still new in Vietnam and brings modest income. Analysts speaking at the forum also spoke about these challenges.

Nguyen Thanh Lam, another deputy communications minister, mentioned that the ministry plans to make changes to the Journalism Law to help improve media companies’ revenues. One of these changes is a mechanism that would allow the government to pay for some content it wants to appear in newspapers. Other changes would tighten copyright protection, as many media companies have long been affected by plagiarism. However, he added that the most important changes must come from the media companies themselves. They need to rethink the way they practice journalism and make money from it.

Why is the subscription model not widely adopted in Vietnam?